Journal of Financial Econometrics Advance Access originally published online on September 22, 2007
Journal of Financial Econometrics 2008 6(1):49-86; doi:10.1093/jjfinec/nbm018
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Sorting, Firm Characteristics, and Time-varying Risk: An Econometric Analysis
Sun Yat-sen University
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Address correspondence to Ming Liu, 2/F, K.K. Leung Building, Department of Finance, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, or e-mail: LiuMing{at}baf.msmail.cuhk.edu.hk
| Abstract |
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We show that sorting reveals the time-varying market risk exposures of the firm-specific investment opportunity set. Sorting on the basis of firm characteristics uncovers information on firm-specific distress or growth, and this leads to more efficient estimation of conditional risk sensitivity. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the sorting methodology with an empirical exercise that tests the conditional capital asset pricing model (CAPM). When measured properly using sorting and firm characteristics, conditional betas, along with size and the book-market ratio, are significant drivers of expected returns.
KEYWORDS: sorting, time-varying risk, firm characteristics, size, book-market ratio
We thank Jia He and Harold Zhang, two anonymous referees, and participants of Financial Management Association 2003 meeting for their useful discussions and comments. All remaining errors are ours. This article was supported by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Competitive Earmarked Research Grant (CUHK4133/03H).
Received January 6, 2006; revised November 1, 2006; accepted August 15, 2007